1. 一般目前时 ①表示客观事实或普通真理(不受时态限制) The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100oC. ②表示近况、性质、状况时多用系动词或状况动词;表示常常或习惯性的动作,多用动作动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other. ③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或定义的词常用一般目前时:see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如: I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School. ④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般目前年代替以后时。但应该注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表意愿,但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.假如你想同意并参加大家的舞会,我的家人会特别高兴。 ⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、sTOP等常用一般目前年代替以后时,表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示依据时间或事先安排,一定会出现的状况,只用一般目前时。 The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday. 2. 一般过去时 ①一般过去时的基本使用方法:表示过去的事情、动作或状况常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(或有上下文语境暗示);用于表达过去的习惯;表示说话人原来没料到、想到或期望的事一般用过去式。如: I met her in the street yesterday. I once saw the famous star here. They never drank wine. I thought the film would be interesting,but it isnt. ②假如从句中有一个过去的时间状语,尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生,但从句中的谓语动词连用过去式。如: He told me he read an interesting novel last night. ③表示两个紧接着发生的动作,常由以下词汇连接,用一般过去时。如:but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。 The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her. He bought a watch but lost it. ④常用一般过去时的句型: Why didnt you / I think of that? I didnt notice it. I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before. I didnt recognize him. 3. 一般以后时 ①表示将来的动作或状况常用will / shall + 动词(常与表示以后的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等)。 ②表示一种趋向或习惯动作。 Well die without air or water. ③表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave等词常用进行时的形式表示以后时。 ④be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do使用方法及不同: be going to 表示目前计划在近期或以后要做某事,这种计划总是经过事先考虑,甚至已做了某种筹备;shall / will do表示未事先考虑过,即说话时临时作出的决定。 be going to 表以后,不可以用在条件状语从句的主句中;而will则能,表意愿。如: If it is fine, well go fishing.(正确) If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误) be to do sth.表按计划、安排马上发生的动作,还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止,可能性等。 A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon. be about to do sth.表示即可,就要,后面不可以接时间状语或状语从句。 Autumn harvest is about to start.